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What is a roll forming machine? A complete guide to understanding roll forming machines

November 18, 2024

Roll forming machines produce high-quality steel products through cold bending, shorten product development cycles, and improve productivity. They are indispensable tools in the contemporary building materials market. The working process of the roll forming machine is to feed the rolled raw material plate directly into the rolling equipment, and after several rolls, it becomes the required version. The cross-sectional performance of cold-bent steel is better than that of hot-rolled steel products, and it has high surface finish and dimensional accuracy. The finished product is beautiful and the version is accurate; the machine is safe and stable, and supports customization to meet the different needs of customers. Roll forming machines are widely used in scenes such as construction, automobile manufacturing, shipbuilding, electronics industry and machinery manufacturing, thermal energy, etc.


Key components of roll forming machines

Let's talk about the key components of roll forming machines.

1. Uncoiler

The main component of the machine system is the uncoiler. It is used to store and convey plates, and can stably and accurately feed the plates into the machine, reduce manual feeding, improve production efficiency, and save costs. There are two types of uncoilers: manual and hydraulic. Manual unwinders are used for narrower and lighter coils, such as 300mm and 650mm wide. Hydraulic unwinders are suitable for large-tonnage coils. According to customer needs, a trolley can be added to transport the coils to the unwinder. A single person can operate it, which is safe and saves labor costs.

2. Feed guide and leveling device

The feed guide and leveling device guides the coils as they move to prevent them from sliding or deflecting. The straightening system is usually used to straighten the coils after feeding. This step helps to eliminate the curvature of the coils due to bending before roll forming, ensuring that the plates are flat when entering the punching or rolling process.

3. Main roll forming machine

The main roll forming machine is the core part of the machine. The plate is pressed by the pressing roller and the support roller to apply pressure to the metal material, so that the metal plate is deformed to the desired shape. Each station has rollers to further bend the metal to the required degree. The number of rollers depends on the thickness and yield strength of the plate. Therefore, when forming more complex shapes, more forming passes may be required to achieve the required accuracy. The specific design is determined according to the customer's version. Welcome to consult with drawings.

4. Hydraulic shearing device

The formed metal sheet enters the hydraulic shearing device, and the PLC fixed length control accurately cuts the metal into the required length, with a smooth and flat cut surface, smooth edges and no burrs.

5. PLC control system

PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) is the operating brain of the machine. In the factory, our technicians will do the programming and set the precise parameters. When it is delivered to you, you can enter parameters such as size, quantity and hole specifications through the keyboard or touch screen/display. The PLC controls the entire process and automatically operates the machine. Only one person can operate the machine, which is simple and convenient to operate, reducing labor expenses and saving costs.

6. Outfeed rack

The outfeed rack is the last step of the roll forming machine. It can gently transport the finished product to avoid any damage to the consigned goods. The design of the outlet rack makes it easier to collect the formed parts. This part of the process prepares the product for storage and shipment.

Key components of roll forming machines


How does the roll forming machine work?

The following are the operating steps of the roll forming machine;


Step 1: Install the machine

After the machines of the unit are delivered, you should first request the technical documents, read them carefully and check the external equipment of the unit:


Check whether the machines in the unit are complete according to the factory order, and record the accessories and wearing parts for future reference.

Step 2: Check

Before and during production, ensure that the machine is properly inspected. Start by checking each component of the system to see if there are any faults. This is very helpful in solving some common problems that may occur during forming. Once the parts are found to be worn/damaged, they should be replaced immediately.

Step 3: Start operation

After installation, check whether each machine meets the uniformity requirements. Then, carry out a no-load test. If there is no abnormality, you can carry out a press plate test. If it can work normally and roll out the steel that meets the specifications, it means that the installation is successful.

Step 4: Retrieve the finished product

The molded parts are conveyed to the roller table and then collected from there. Employees can take the products and transfer them to storage or shipment.

Step 6: Final Quality Inspection

Where appropriate, check the physical appearance of the finished product against the dimensional standards set by the data and measure the finish quality.


Description of the appearance of the cold roll forming machine:

Overall structure

The overall structure of the cold roll forming machine consists of multiple parts. It generally includes a base part, which is the basic support structure of the entire machine and provides a stable installation platform for other components; there is also a mechanical transmission part, which is used to transmit power so that the machine can operate normally; the cold bending system is the core part of realizing the cold bending operation; the hydraulic system is used to provide specific power support and play a role in some operations that require greater pressure; the electrical control system is responsible for controlling and mediating the operation of the entire machine; in addition, there is an auxiliary system to provide auxiliary functions for the operation of the machine.


Common types of cold roll forming machines:

C-shaped steel cold roll forming machine: mainly used for processing C-shaped steel. C-shaped steel is widely used in the construction field, such as as purlins for roof and wall support structures of steel structure buildings. This forming machine can cold-bend the steel strip according to the shape requirements of the C-shaped steel, with high processing accuracy and efficiency to meet the large demand of the construction industry.


U-shaped steel cold roll forming machine: specially used to manufacture U-shaped steel. U-shaped steel is often used in mine tunnel support, tunnel engineering and other fields. Its shape characteristics make it have good performance in re-support and protection. U-shaped steel cold bending forming machine can process steel strips of different thicknesses and widths to produce U-shaped steel products required by the kimono project.


Z-shaped steel cold bending forming machine: Z-shaped steel cold bending forming machine is a device that processes raw materials such as coils and strips into Z-shaped steel purlins by rolling rollers. It gradually bends the material into shape, and in this process, it can be precisely controlled according to the set parameters, such as automatic length-fixed quantitative cutting, automatic punching and other operations.

Door frame machine (cold bending forming machine): used for cold bending forming of door frames. In the process of manufacturing doors and windows, the shape and precision of the door frame have an important influence on the overall quality of the doors and windows. The door frame machine can perform precise cold bending processing on metal sheets according to different door frame design requirements to manufacture door frames of various shapes and specifications, and some door frame machines also have additional functions such as trademark punching to further meet production needs.

Shelf column cold bending forming machine: It is a special equipment for manufacturing shelf columns. In the warehousing and logistics industry, the demand for shelves is very large, and the shelf columns are important supporting components of the shelves, and their quality and precision are directly related to the load-bearing capacity and stability of the shelves. This cold roll forming machine can process metal sheets into shapes that meet the design requirements of shelf columns, improving production efficiency and product quality.


Door frame machine (cold roll forming machine): used for cold roll forming of door frames. In the process of manufacturing doors and windows, the shape and precision of door frames have an important impact on the overall quality of doors and windows. Door frame machinescan perform precise cold bending of metal sheets according to different door frame design requirements to manufacture door frames of various shapes and specifications, and some door frame machines also have additional functions such as trademark punching to further meet production needs.


Shelf column cold roll forming machine: It is a special equipment for manufacturing shelf columns. In the warehousing and logistics industry, the demand for shelves is very large, and the shelf columns are important supporting components of the shelves, and their quality and precision are directly related to the load-bearing capacity and stability of the shelves. This cold roll forming machine can process metal sheets into shapes that meet the design requirements of shelf columns, improving production efficiency and product quality.


Roof panel cold bending machine: The metal sheets are processed into roof panels according to the preset shapes and sizes through the cold bending process to meet the needs of roof construction. These metal sheets can be used in the roof construction of various industrial buildings and civil buildings (such as factories, warehouses, houses, etc.). These roof panels can have different shapes, specifications and performances to meet the structural requirements and aesthetic requirements of different buildings, and help improve the waterproofness, thermal insulation and other properties of the building. Bending and rolling of roof panels is an important part of modern construction. It is mainly used to make roof panels with specific curvatures. This process can ensure that the roof panels can adapt to different building structures during installation and improve the overall stability and aesthetics of the roof.


Floor panel cold bending machine: Floor deck cold bending machine is a machine that can perform cold bending operations on metal sheets of different thicknesses and process metal sheets into floor decks of specific shapes. Through the precisely designed forming rollers and other components, the shape and size of the floor slabs are guaranteed, which helps to improve the adaptability and stability of the floor slabs in the building structure; the high degree of automation enables continuous operation and quickly completes the forming of the floor slabs to meet the large demand for floor slabs in construction projects. Our company can customize dovetail groove floor slab cold roll forming machines, closed floor slab cold roll forming machines, and open floor slab cold roll forming machines, and supports special version customization. Customers are welcome to consult with pictures.


Keel cold roll forming machine: through continuous cold rolling forming, it produces complex cross-section profiles such as light steel keels, paint keels, and cassette keels. The equipment can run over time and at high intensity, which greatly improves production efficiency, and the service life of the equipment is long. Keels are commonly used materials in construction, mainly used to construct the frame structure of buildings, such as suspended ceilings, partition walls, etc. Keel cold roll forming machines can produce various specifications according to different architectural design requirements to meet the needs of different building spaces. PLC control can accurately control various parameters in the production process. The keel produced is accurate in size, regular in shape, and the quality of the product is stable.

Bending machine: Bending machine can bend the plate and plays a key role in the manufacturing process of bent products. Different plate production needs have different requirements for the specifications and functions of bending. In terms of the thickness of the folded plate, it can be customized according to customer requirements. Customers are welcome to consult.

Common types of cold roll forming machines

Products Made Through Roll Forming Machines

Light steel keel

Roof board

Roof board

Floor decking

Highway guardrail

C-shaped steel

Z-shaped steel

U-shaped steel

Rolling gate and door panel

Door frame

Guide rail

Downspout

Channel steel

Angle steel

Fence and railing components

Metal waterproof board

Wall panel

Carriage board

Container board

Container top beam

Container bottom beam

Shelf

Bending machine

Box machine

Glazed tile

Gutter (water tank)

Glazed tile

High-speed management guardrail

Decorative gusset

Large-span roof panel

Standing seam roof panel



Which Materials Can Roll Forming Machines Process?

Roll forming machines can effectively process the following metals;

1. Steel

Roll forming machines mainly process different grades of steel such as mild steel, high-strength steel and stainless steel. Steel has the characteristics of high strength and high rigidity, which makes it easy to use in construction, automotive and manufacturing industries.

2. Aluminum

Aluminum is the second most widely used metal in the roll forming process. Aluminum is an ideal material for many industries due to its light weight and high corrosion resistance. Aluminum roll forming helps to produce complex profiles with good mechanical properties, which can be used in areas such as roofing and siding.

3. Galvanized steel

Zinc-coated steel or galvanized steel has a corrosion-resistant effect, making it suitable for outdoor and harsh conditions. This material is widely used in construction, automobiles and household items.

4. Color plate,

The full name of color steel is color coated steel plate, which is a steel plate with an organic coating. It is used to build color steel plate houses. This kind of house is assembled with color steel plate as the skeleton and sandwich panel as the enclosure material. It has beautiful appearance, economical and practical, light weight, and convenient assembly and disassembly. It is widely used in temporary facilities on site (such as temporary sheds and temporary office spaces at construction sites) and construction site dormitories and other places.

As roofing and wall materials, it is used in various permanent building structures such as industrial plants, warehouses, commercial buildings, exhibition halls, etc., which can provide better protection, heat preservation, heat insulation, sound insulation and other functions. At the same time, different colors and appearance effects can be selected according to the requirements of architectural design to increase the beauty of the building.

In the construction of computer rooms, it is used to ensure the safe, stable and reliable operation of key equipment in computer rooms, and provide necessary protection and environmental protection for the infrastructure construction in computer rooms.

5. Stainless steel,

Stainless steel is the abbreviation of steel with stainless and corrosion resistance as the main characteristics, and a chromium content of at least 10.5% and a carbon content of no more than 1.2%. Steels that are resistant to weak corrosive media such as air and steam or have stainless properties are called stainless steels; and steels that are resistant to chemical corrosive media (acids, alkalis, salts, etc.) are called acid-resistant steels. Due to the difference in chemical composition between the two, their corrosion resistance is different. Ordinary stainless steel is generally not resistant to chemical media corrosion, while acid-resistant steel is generally rust-resistant. The term "stainless steel" refers to more than one hundred types of industrial stainless steel, each of which has good performance in its specific application field.

Which Materials Can Roll Forming Machines Process?


6. Aluminum-magnesium-manganese,

Aluminum-magnesium-manganese is an alloy made of a mixture of metal aluminum, magnesium, and manganese. Aluminum-magnesium-manganese alloy has many excellent properties and is widely used in many fields such as construction.

It can be used for the wall system of the building. The wall system of aluminum-magnesium-manganese plate includes multiple components such as bottom plate reinforcement support, auxiliary support, bottom plate, etc. When selecting materials, attention should be paid to corrosion resistance.

Aluminum-magnesium-manganese plate can also be made into antique tiles with various specifications. It can be used for indoor eaves decoration, outdoor door head, horse head wall, etc. Common places include restaurants, Tai Chi halls, teahouses, hotels, etc. Antique tiles have a large area, light weight, self-cleaning function, easy installation and wide application.

In the roof and wall systems of some buildings, such as airport terminals, aircraft maintenance hangars, stations and large transportation hubs, conference and exhibition centers, stadiums, exhibition halls, large public entertainment facilities, public service buildings, large shopping centers, commercial facilities, and civil residences, they are widely used.

7. Aluminum-magnesium-zinc plating,

can be used for the wall system of the building. For example, the aluminum-magnesium-manganese plate wall system includes multiple components such as the bottom plate reinforcement support, auxiliary support, and bottom plate. The material selection focuses on anti-corrosion performance.

Aluminum-magnesium-manganese plates can also be made into antique tiles with various specifications. They can be used for indoor eaves decoration, outdoor door heads, horse head walls, etc. Common places include restaurants, Tai Chi halls, teahouses, hotels, etc. Antique tiles have a large area, light weight, self-cleaning function, easy installation and wide application.

It is widely used in the roof and wall systems of some buildings, such as airport terminals, aircraft maintenance hangars, stations and large transportation hubs, conference and exhibition centers, stadiums, showrooms, large public entertainment facilities, public service buildings, large shopping centers, commercial facilities, and residential buildings.

8. Hot-rolled strip steel

Hot-rolled strip steel refers to strips and plates produced by hot rolling. Generally, strip steel with a thickness of 1.2-8mm and a width of less than 600mm is called narrow strip steel, and strip steel with a width of more than 600mm is called wide strip steel.


Conclusion

Roll forming machine is crucial in the manufacturing industry. They can produce a wide range of patterns with precision in the shortest possible time. These machines are efficient in supplying products to many industries. However, while there is a certain installation cost, their overall benefits are considerable. Challenges exist, but improvements in technology continue. Overall, roll forming machines play an important role in significantly improving modern manufacturing solutions.


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